Translation Quiz
What happens after the polypeptide chain leaves the ribosome?
It is folded into a protein.
It is reused to produce more polypeptide chains.
It enters the cytoplasm and catalyses specific reactions.
It breaks up into amino acids and carries out functions within your cells.
How does the ribosome know when to stop translation?
The mRNA transcript runs out.
The amino acid supply gets depleated, and as a result, translation is halted.
The stop codon is encountered.
The ribosome does not, it has a life span. It can only translate for so long before the large and small subunits fall apart.
What are the three sites within the ribosome called?
A site, T site, E site
A site, P site, E site
A site, P site, F site
I site, P site, E site
What is a codon?
A codon is set of three nucleotides that code for an amino acid.
A codon is a set of any number of nucleotides that code for an amino acid.
A set of nucleotides found on the arm of a tRNA.
None of the above.
What does the release factor do?
It breaks apart the large and small subunit of the ribosome.
It frees the mRNA from the ribosome.
It removes the polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
It removes the polypeptide chain and the mRNA from the ribosome.
What is the purpose of the enzyme, peptidal transferase?
It helps the tRNA enter the various sites the the ribosome.
It binds the small subunit to the large subunit.
It folds the polypeptide chain into a protein after leaving the ribosome.
It binds together the two amino acids introduced by the tRNA.
What are the three stages of translation?
Initiation, Elongation, Termination
Initiation, Termination, Final Modifications
Initiation, Production, Final Modifications
Elongation, Termination, Final Modifications
What is the purpose of the ribosome?
To destroy old proteins based on the instructions provided by the mRNA.
To read mRNA and build polypeptide chains which fold into proteins.
To read mRNA and carry out functions within the cell.
To read the proteins and produce the correct mRNA transcript.
How does tRNA build a polypeptide chain?
Initiator tRNA enters P site and the next tRNA enters A site and their amino acids bind together. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, the initiator tRNA is moved to the E site while the other tRNA is moved to the P site.
Initiator tRNA enters A site and as the ribosome moves along the mRNA, the initiator tRNA is moved to the P site while the next tRNA enters the A site. Their amino acids are bonded together during the process.
What direction does the ribosome read the mRNA in?
It does not matter, it can be read in either direction.
3' to 5'
5' to 3'
3' to 3'